Primary Information
BoMiProt ID	Bomi7710
Protein Name	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2/Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15
Organism	Bos taurus
Uniprot ID	Q6E804
Milk Fraction	Whey
Ref Sequence ID	NP_001002889.1
Aminoacid Length	1013
Molecular Weight	112800
FASTA Sequence	Download
Gene Name	NOD2/CARD15
Gene ID	444867
Protein Existence Status	reviewed
Secondary Information
Protein Function	NOD2 can detect intracellular muramyl dipeptide (MDP) in the bacterial wall, thereby causing an inflammatory response.
Biochemical Properties	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) are pattern-recognition receptors (PRR), and NOD1 and NOD2, previously known as caspase activation and recruitment (CARD) domain family member CARD4 and CARD15, represent the founding members of the NOD-like receptor family. Different to other membrane bound PRRs, they operate as soluble cytosolic receptors recognizing conserved bacterial peptidoglycan fragments (muropeptides) in order to initiate an adequate immune response
PTMs	Polyubiquitination and Ubl conjugation
Site(s) of PTM(s) N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, Phosphorylation	NA
Predicted Disorder Regions	NA
DisProt Annotation
TM Helix Prediction	No TM helices
Significance of PTMs	Polyubiquitinated following MDP stimulation, leading to proteasome-mediated degradation.
Additional Comments	Deficiency of Nod1 and Nod2 led to reduced plaque lipid deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques. This might be explained by diminished plasma lipid levels and foam cell formation due to altered expression of key regulators of the hepatic cholesterol pathway as well as differential intestinal cholesterol metabolism and microbiota composition.
Bibliography	1.Sakibuzzaman M, Moosa SA, Akhter M, Trisha IH, Talib KA. Identifying the Neurogenetic Framework of Crohn's Disease Through Investigative Analysis of the Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing Protein 2 Gene Mutation. Cureus. 2019 Sep 17;11(9):e5680. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5680. PMID: 31723489; PMCID: PMC6825438. 2.Vlacil AK, Schuett J, Ruppert V, Soufi M, Oberoi R, Shahin K, Wächter C, Tschernig T, Lei Y, Liu F, Tietge UJF, Schieffer B, Schuett H, Grote K. Deficiency of Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing proteins (NOD) 1 and 2 reduces atherosclerosis. Basic Res Cardiol. 2020 Jun 25;115(4):47. doi: 10.1007/s00395-020-0806-2. PMID: 32588196; PMCID: PMC7316681. 3.NOD1 and NOD2: signaling, host defense, and inflammatory disease. Caruso R, Warner N, Inohara N, Núñez G Immunity. 2014 Dec 18; 41(6):898-908. 4.NOD1 and NOD2: Molecular targets in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Pashenkov MV, Dagil YA, Pinegin BV Int Immunopharmacol. 2018 Jan; 54():385-400