Primary Information |
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| BoMiProt ID | Bomi5988 |
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| Protein Name | Glia maturation factor gamma |
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| Organism | Bos taurus |
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| Uniprot ID | Q56JZ9 |
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| Milk Fraction | Whey |
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| Ref Sequence ID | NP_001019708.1 |
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| Aminoacid Length | 142 |
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| Molecular Weight | 16770 |
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| FASTA Sequence |
Download |
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| Gene Name | GMFG |
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| Gene ID | 514407 |
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| Protein Existence Status | reviewed |
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Secondary Information |
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| Protein Function | a novel regulator of the actin-related protein-2/3 complex, is predominantly expressed in inflammatory cells.plays a critical role in regulation of cellular iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype.belongs to the actin depolymerization factor/cofilin family and modulates actin cytoskeleton reorganization in microvascular endothelial cells and human airway smooth muscle. |
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| Biochemical Properties | Tyr-104 is a pivotal phosphorylation site on GMF-γ.Phosphorylation at Tyr-104 creates negative charges on the molecule, inducing conformational changes and the dissociation of GMF-γ from Arp2/3, which in turn modulates actin dynamics and cell contraction. |
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| Significance in milk | There is Increased expression of glia maturation factor gamma mRNA in the liver of feed-restricted cows,might be associated with disease pathogenesis. |
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| PTMs | Acetylation,phosphorylation |
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Site(s) of PTM(s)
N-glycosylation,
O-glycosylation,
Phosphorylation
| >sp|Q56JZ9|GMFG_BOVIN Glia maturation factor gamma OS=Bos taurus OX=9913 GN=GMFG PE=2 SV=1
MS*2DSLVVCEVDPELKEKLRKFRFRKETDNAAIVMKVDKDRQMVVLEEEFQNISPEELKME
LPERQPRFVVYSYKYVHADGRVSYPLCFIFSSPVGCKPEQQMMYAGSKNRLVQTAELTKV
FEIRTTDDLTEAWLKEKLSFFR |
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| Predicted Disorder Regions | NA |
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| DisProt Annotation | |
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| TM Helix Prediction | No TM helices |
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| Significance of PTMs | Acetylcholine stimulation increased GMF-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104. GMF-γ phosphorylation at this residue was mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase which has been found to regulate actin dynamics and contraction in human airway smooth muscle. |
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| Additional Comments | GMFG-knockdown murine macrophages exhibit an iron deficiency response and polarization toward the M2 phenotype.GMFG knockdown significantly decreased basal oxygen consumption. |
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| Bibliography | 1.Aerbajinai W, Ghosh MC, Liu J, Kumkhaek C, Zhu J, Chin K, Rouault TA, Rodgers GP. Glia maturation factor-γ regulates murine macrophage iron metabolism and M2 polarization through mitochondrial ROS. Blood Adv. 2019 Apr 23;3(8):1211-1225. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018026070. PMID: 30971398; PMCID: PMC6482362. 2.Wang T, Cleary RA, Wang R, Tang DD. Glia maturation factor-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104 regulates actin dynamics and contraction in human airway smooth muscle. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014 Nov;51(5):652-9. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0125OC. PMID: 24818551; PMCID: PMC4224085. 3.Loor JJ, Dann HM, Everts RE, Oliveira R, Green CA, Guretzky NA, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Lewin HA, Drackley JK. Temporal gene expression profiling of liver from periparturient dairy cows reveals complex adaptive mechanisms in hepatic function. Physiol Genomics 23: 217–226, 2005. |
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