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Primary Information | |
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| BoMiProt ID | Bomi3698 |
| Protein Name | Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial/ATP-AMP transphosphorylase 2/Adenylate monophosphate kinase |
| Organism | Bos taurus |
| Uniprot ID | P08166 |
| Milk Fraction | Whey |
| Ref Sequence ID | NP_776314.1 |
| Aminoacid Length | 241 |
| Molecular Weight | 26497 |
| FASTA Sequence | Download |
| Gene Name | AK2 |
| Gene ID | 280716 |
| Protein Existence Status | Reviewed |
Secondary Information | |
| Presence in other biological fluids/tissue/cells | rumen epithelium |
| Protein Function | Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2), a mitochondrial enzyme that regulates adenine nucleotide interconversion within the intermembrane space, is markedly induced during adipocyte and B cell differentiation.Molecular studies indicate that AK2 participates in cell fate decisions and nuclear energetics. |
| Biochemical Properties | Catalyses the following reaction, AMP + ATP = 2 ADP.Typical AK equilibrium ([ADP]2/[ATP]·[AMP]) and Michaelis (Km for ADP) constants are 2.26 and 1.58 mmol l−1 respectively. |
| PTMs | N-Acetylation at Meth, Disulfide bond formation,Phosphorylation at Ser |
| Site(s) of PTM(s) N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, Phosphorylation | >sp|P08166|KAD2_BOVIN Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial OS=Bos taurus OX=9913 GN=AK2 PE=1 SV=2 MAPNVPAAEPVPESPKGVRAVLLGPPGAGKGTQAPKLAKNFCVCHLATGDMLRAMVASGS*60 ELGKKLKATMDAGKLVSDEMVLELIEKNLETPPCKNGFLLDGFPRTVRQAEMLDDLMEKR KEKLDSVIEFSIPDS*135LLIRRITGRLIHPQSGRSYHEEFNPPKEPMKDDITGEPLIRRSDD NKKALKIRLEAYHTQTT*197PLVEYYSKRGIHSAIDASQTPDVVFASILAAFSKATCKDLVMF I |
| SCOP | Class : Alpha and beta proteins (a+b) Fold : P-loop kinase-like Superfamily : P-loop nucleotide/nucleoside kinase-like Family : Adenylate kinase-like Domain Name : 1AK2 A:14-232 |
| CATH | Matched CATH superfamily 3.40.50.300 |
| Predicted Disorder Regions | 1-17, 60-62, 152-169 |
| DisProt Annotation | |
| TM Helix Prediction | No TM helices |
| PDB ID | 1AK2, 2AK2, |
| Additional Comments | AK2 mutations have been associated with rare congenital human diseases linked to early mortality, immune deficiency and hearing loss.Depletion of AK2 by RNAi impairs adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, IgM secretion in BCL1 cells, and the induction of the UPR during differentiation of both cell types. The enzyme has gained much attention recently because it can be used as a cell marker to replace ATP in the luciferase-based bioluminescence assay. |
| Bibliography | 1.Burkart A, Shi X, Chouinard M, Corvera S. Adenylate kinase 2 links mitochondrial energy metabolism to the induction of the unfolded protein response. J Biol Chem. 2011 Feb 11;286(6):4081-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.134106. Epub 2010 Sep 27. PMID: 20876536; PMCID: PMC3039340. 2.Zhang S, Yamada S, Park S, Klepinin A, Kaambre T, Terzic A, Dzeja P. Adenylate kinase AK2 isoform integral in embryo and adult heart homeostasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Mar 26;546:59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.097. Epub 2021 Feb 8. PMID: 33571905; PMCID: PMC7939106. |