Primary Information
BoMiProt ID	Bomi3
Protein Name	Cystatin-B
Organism	Bos taurus
Uniprot ID	F6QEL0
Milk Fraction	Whey
Aminoacid Length	88
Molecular Weight	9691
FASTA Sequence	Download
Gene Name	CST6
Protein Existence Status	Unreviewed: Protein inferred from homology
Secondary Information
Presence in other biological fluids/tissue/cells	lysosomes of primary myoblasts, primary glial cells, extracelluar fluids and secretory granules of rat endocrine B cells, saliva, urine, serum
Protein Function	Stefin family; cystein cathepsin inhibitor; protects neurons against oxidative stress; involved in the defence of tissues against invasion by pathogens; upregulated in septic injury;
Biochemical Properties	Monomeric protein with missing intramolecular disulfide bridges or glycosylation; resistant to proteolytic cleavge but the N-terminal is accessible to protease attack; soluble protein; nuclear concentration is higher than cytoplasmic concentration;
Significance in milk	Downregulated in mastitis; role in the protection from bacterial infection
Additional Comments	Fibrillation is caused by acididc solvants, high temperature, presence of TFE or high ionic strengths
Bibliography	1. Matsuoka, Y., Serizawa, A., Yoshioka, T., Yamamura, J., Morita, Y., Kawakami, H., … Kumegawa, M. (2002). Cystatin C in milk basic protein (MBP) and its inhibitory effect on bone resorption in vitro. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 66(12), 2531–2536. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.66.2531. 2. Sotiropoulou, G., Anisowicz, A., & Sager, R. (1997). Identification, cloning, and characterization of cystatin M, a novel cysteine proteinase inhibitor, down-regulated in breast cancer. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(2), 903–910. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.2.903. 3. Ni, J., Abrahamson, M., Zhang, M., Fernandez, M. A., Grubb, A., Su, J., … Gentz, R. (1997). Cystatin E is a novel human cysteine proteinase inhibitor with structural resemblance to family 2 cystatins. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(16), 10853–10858. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.16.10853. 4. Mudaliar, M., Tassi, R., Thomas, F. C., McNeilly, T. N., Weidt, S. K., McLaughlin, M., … Zadoks, R. N. (2016). Mastitomics, the integrated omics of bovine milk in an experimental model of Streptococcus uberis mastitis: 2. Label-free relative quantitative proteomics. Molecular BioSystems, 12(9), 2748–2761. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6mb00290k. 5. Maher, K., Jerič Kokelj, B., Butinar, M., Mikhaylov, G., Manček-Keber, M., Stoka, V., … Kopitar-Jerala, N. (2014). A role for stefin B (cystatin B) in inflammation and endotoxemia. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(46), 31736–31750. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.609396