Primary Information
BoMiProt ID	Bomi149
Protein Name	Gelsolin
Organism	Bos taurus
Uniprot ID	Q3SX14
Milk Fraction	Whey
Ref Sequence ID	NP_001029799.1
Aminoacid Length	731
Molecular Weight	80731
FASTA Sequence	Download
Gene Name	GSN
Gene ID	535077
Protein Existence Status	Reviewed: Experimental evidence at transcript level
Secondary Information
Protein Function	Gelsolin superfamily proteins have roles in a diversity of cellular processes; regulation of actin dynamics; antiapoptotic role; inhibit Aß-induced neurotoxicity; increased expression of gelsolin in oxidative stress helps cells to escape death. Gelsolin is a calcium-regulated actin binding protein that severs and caps actin filaments. Gelsolin's severing activity is important for regulating actin filament assembly dynamics that are required for cell motility as well as survival.
Biochemical Properties	on calcium or pH signaling, gelsolin becomes activated and can sever actin filaments;
Significance in milk	downregulated in clinical mastitis
PTMs	N6-acetylation at Lysine, Disulfide bond formation, Phosphorylation at Tyr/Thr
Site(s) of PTM(s) N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, Phosphorylation
Predicted Disorder Regions	(197-216)
DisProt Annotation
TM Helix Prediction	No TM helices
Bibliography	1. Chauhan, V., Ji, L., & Chauhan, A. (2008). Anti-amyloidogenic, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic role of gelsolin in Alzheimer’s disease. Biogerontology, 9(6), 381–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-008-9169-z. 2. Kiselar, J. G., Janmey, P. A., Almo, S. C., & Chance, M. R. (2003). Visualizing the Ca2+-dependent activation of gelsolin by using synchrotron footprinting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(7), 3942–3947. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0736004100. 3. Lueck, A., Yin, H. L., Kwiatkowski, D. J., & Allen, P. G. (2000). Calcium regulation of gelsolin and adseverin: a natural test of the helix latch hypothesis. Biochemistry, 39(18), 5274–5279. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi992871v. 4.Heidings JB, Demosthene B, Merlino TR, Castaneda N, Kang EH. Gelsolin-mediated actin filament severing in crowded environments. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Nov 19;532(4):548-554. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.041. Epub 2020 Sep 6. PMID: 32900483.